Subnetting for the 70-290, what do i do with the two?

MonjiroMonjiro Member Posts: 3 ■□□□□□□□□□
I am a little confused about calculating the number of networks for a given subnet. Calculating the hosts is not a problem but it seems that there is two options for calculating the number of networks for a given subnet mask. The number of bits used by the mask to the power of two or the number of bits used by the mask to the power of two minus two. Both seem to be valid answers in the real world depending on best practices or the equipment you are using, what I want to know is which method does Microsoft want me to use for the exam?

Thanks in Advance

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