What is business Internet supposed to be today? MetroEthernet? ???
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volfkhat Member Posts: 1,072 ■■■■■■■■□□Probably best to forget most of what you read from the ccna curriculum.
I got my ccna back in 2015-ish... and YES, the material was still talking about Frame Relay, serial ports, clock speed, PAGP, VTP, etc.
Very Outdated. -
JDMurray Admin Posts: 13,096 Admin
CHatGPT4 gen'ed a good write-up of IXPs:An Internet Exchange Point (IXP) is a critical infrastructure in telecommunications networks where different networks—such as Internet service providers (ISPs), content delivery networks (CDNs), and large-scale enterprises—come together to exchange Internet traffic between their networks. This exchange of traffic allows for more efficient data routing and reduces the need for data to pass through third-party networks, which can decrease latency, improve bandwidth usage, and reduce the costs associated with data transit.
Key Features of IXPs:
Physical Infrastructure: IXPs typically consist of one or more network switches to which each participating network connects. These switches facilitate the direct routing of traffic between networks at the exchange.
Peering: At an IXP, networks engage in "peering" agreements, which are arrangements that allow two or more networks to exchange traffic with each other without cost or on mutually agreeable terms. This peering is usually governed by policies that can be broadly categorized as either "open" or "selective" peering.
Reduced Latency and Costs: By allowing direct data exchange locally rather than routing traffic through longer, more expensive paths, IXPs help reduce the latency and the overall cost of Internet traffic delivery.
Improved Bandwidth Efficiency: Traffic exchanged locally at an IXP uses less long-haul network bandwidth, which is often more limited and costly than local bandwidth. This can lead to more efficient use of a network's available bandwidth.
Enhanced Redundancy and Resilience: Having multiple paths for routing traffic can enhance the resilience and reliability of Internet connectivity, as traffic can be rerouted more easily in the event of a network failure or congestion.
Importance of IXPs:
IXPs are essential for the development of the Internet in various regions by providing a physical infrastructure where large numbers of networks can efficiently exchange information. They are particularly crucial in developing regions where local traffic might otherwise have to travel long distances (often to other countries) to be exchanged, which can be both costly and inefficient.
Examples and Global Reach:
Major IXPs can be found in many large cities around the world, including the Amsterdam Internet Exchange (AMS-IX), the DE-CIX in Frankfurt, and the London Internet Exchange (LINX). These IXPs handle massive amounts of data, with AMS-IX and DE-CIX often handling several terabits per second of peak traffic.