Need some help with subnetting

gbdavidx

I am practicing subnetting from subnetting.net so I can get better at it and fast at it, I understand the concepts and the basics

However on one question it wants to know the last usable host, ip address was 10.115.136.0 with a /21 subnet mask

I have the correct answer, but am confused on how to get it, appreciate the help!!

pamccabe

Hi gbdavidx, I'm studying for the ICND1 exam and am trying to get better with subnetting. Hopefully I can help you out. First, a /21 prefix means that the first 21 bits are in an 'on' state. This means the first 2 octets are full, leaving us 5 left over. 5 bits of the first octet is a 248 mask. Using the magic number method, we subtract 256 from 248 to get 8 as a magic number. 10.115.136.0 would be the subnet ID, the last usable host would be 143.254 if I am not mistaken. 10.115.144.0 would be the next subnet and 10.115.143.255 would be the broadcast. Someone correct me if I am wrong.

gbdavidx

how do you get from 10.115.136.0 to 10.115.143.254

pamccabe

Well the subnets would increment by 8 so you have 10.115.136.0 followed by 10.115.144.0 and so on and so on... the IP range would start at 10.115.136.1, 10.115.136.2... and go up from there. Once you hit 255 the 3rd octet would increase by one. All the way up to 10.115.143.254 because the next address of 10.115.143.255 would be the broadcast for the subnet. I hope that makes sense.

goldenlight

To Keep my self organize while doing sub netting involving host I draw 3 columns


Naming them Networks, Host , and Broadcast. when I have my Network and Broadcast address, everything in between are my host


I calculate a few networks and broadcast address and go from there.

Ltat42a

You could add a 4th column, name them "Network" (or Subnet), "1st useable address", "last useable address", "Broadcast".

This will show you the subnets, host ranges & broadcast address.

The last useable address is always 1 address BEFORE the broadcast.

jsb515

10.115.136.0 /21

10.115.136.0 with a 255.255.248.0 mask

this is how I do it using the / notation.

Take /21 and subtract it from /24 and that leaves you with 3. Take the 3 and put it to the power of 2, so 2^3=8 this is your count up on subnets.

so 10.115.136.0 would count up on the third octet since that is where the 255.255.248.0 mask stops.

10.115.136.0
+8
10.115.144.0

we now know our host range. Its going to be 10.115.136.1 - 10.115.143.254 with the last usable address being 10.115.143.254. The broadcast would be 10.115.143.255

I would suggest reading this thread because it helped me so much http://www.techexams.net/forums/ccna-ccent/38772-subnetting-made-easy.html

gbdavidx

TY JSB!!! i was curious how you got from 136 to 144, that explains it! I like this method i'll think i'll stick to it!

jsb515

glad I could help

TheNewITGuy

just another tip.. you can take the 248 mask and subtract from 256 if you're having trouble memorizing the powers of 2 - thats the block size (or how wide the subnet is)

http://www.amazon.com/CCNA-Exam-Cram-640-802-3rd/dp/0789737124 covers this very well.