Understanding different disk types, partitions, volumes and file systems in Windows

Although I use windows for long time, I never understood what exactly those different disk types mean, basic and dynamic. What is volume and how is it different from partition? What is file system exactly?
All of this now seems very complicated. Different sources on the internet explain the disk management concepts differently.
Could you please recommend a comprehensive book, article, tutorial or any other resource to read so I can eventually understand all about disks in windows environment?
Thank you in advance.
All of this now seems very complicated. Different sources on the internet explain the disk management concepts differently.
Could you please recommend a comprehensive book, article, tutorial or any other resource to read so I can eventually understand all about disks in windows environment?
Thank you in advance.
Comments
You can also make it more complicated by using a mirror in the storage pool as well as a mirror on the dynamic disk set.