Understanding NTFS and Share permission once and for all

As many of you know NTFS and Share Permission are so confusing. And now I want to understand/learn those ideas behind the file and share permission once and for all. I hope I can handle it. So could you please recommend a resource for that? Video, a chapter from some book, an article on the internet? Anything that you found helpful.
Comments
1. How to grant a user or group access to a folder so they can run (execute) files? I don’t want them to read file content.
2. If a user1 or group1 has WRITE permission on the shared folder, and there are some files in that folder created by other people, can the user1 or group1 read files created by other people?